TOEFL

TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language) is an English language test designed to measure their mastery of English language his mother is not English. This test was developed and hosted by ETS (Educational Testing Service) a nonprofit corporation based in United States and was first held in 1964. TOEFL Score usually one of the entry requirements in a number of 2400 college high in the United States, Canada and 80 other countries in the world (ETS: 1999). There are three parts of the TOEFL test to be done by test participants. The first section is the questions that measure the ability of Listening Comprehension in total 50 questions, Structure & Written Expression, 40 questions, and Reading Comprehension, 50 questions. The entire matter was made in the form of multiple choice (except for the Computer Based TOEFL essay no matter which test the ability of composed of participants in English and a variety of other forms of matter such as match, to highlight certain words in connection with the main idea of a reading, etc..). The entire test took place in less more 150 minutes, for the Paper and Pencil Based TOEFL, and total 240 minutes for Computer-Based TOEFL. A relatively long time for the Computer Based This has included procedures TOEFL tutorials.

There are two types of TOEFL tests, they are : 1) Paper and Pencil-Based TOEFL, and 2) Computer Based TOEFL. The first type is the TOEFL test, TOEFL score we know it, in which both questions and answers using paper and pencil. The second type is the TOEFL test model is a relative new test because it was first introduced in 1998. As stated in its name, this test use a computer in because delivery and test participants will answer this test also through computer. Except to the above two types of tests, there are other types of TOEFL test? For the purposes of pre-selection or internal use of an institution, then the ETS as a developer and provider agencies as well TOEFL test conducting TOEFL ITP (ITP = Institutional Testing Programme). Total matter and difficulty level is not different from ITP TOEFL Paper and Pencil Based TOEFL and the Computer Based TOEFL, because it questions used in the TOEFL ITP TOEFL test is a matter that has been used previously. 

Range score used by the Paper and Pencil-Based TOEFL, TOEFL ITP, and TOEFL Prediction Test is 310 (lowest score) up to 677 (highest score), whereas for the Computer Based TOEFL, the lowest value is 0 and the value of 300 (TOEFL Score User Guide, 2000-2001). Matter to the overall level of difficulty type of test is of course the same, so it can be said of their obtain a score of 677 on TOEFL Paper and Pencil Based expected obtain a score of 300 on the Computer Based TOEFL, and get score 213 participants test scores in TOEFL test that uses computer (Computer Based TOEFL), the corresponding score on Paper  and Pencil-Based TOEFL is 550. How is the relationship of scores obtained by the level of English language person? In general, we recognize three levels of mastery of foreign languages, namely Level Primary (Elementary), Intermediate Level (Intermediate), and Advanced (Advanced) for TOEFL score, generally classify language score this into the following four levels (Carson, et al., 1990):
Elementary Level (Elementary): 310 untill 420
Lower Secondary Level (Low Intermediate): 420 untill 480
Secondary Level (High Intermediate): 480 untill 520
Advanced Level (Advanced): 525 677 untill 667 

          From the classification score above, maybe if the TOEFL test questions given to American students, for example, whether they will have difficulty the answer TOEFL? Studies conducted by Johnson (1977) mention that the average score obtained by the 173-year students the first and second at the University of Tennessee, United States, is 628. Mean, for English speakers themselves, the questions can be done TOEFL with easy, as evidenced by the score they get in the lower levels proficient or advanced. By knowing the classification level of mastery of English as seen above, we can certainly understand why that can be reasonable universities in countries that why use English as official language, requires a certain TOEFL score for prospective students their international. To be accepted in S1, which generally score they charge is about 475 untill 550, while for the incoming program S2 and S3 TOEFLnya score requirement be higher, around 550 untill 600. Mastery at the level of Primary (Elementary) would not contribute meaningful for students in Indonesia in terms to increase knowledge through textbooks / knowledge written in language English. Required minimum mastery level of Senior Secondary (High Intermediate) so that students can absorb the lecture material written in English with relative easy.

           When and where someone could take the TOEFL test? Paper and Pencil-Based TOEFL and the Computer Based TOEFL can be taken only at a certain time that has been scheduled long before the test was held. Place or testing center where both tests are held also been determined by the ETS as a licensee TOEFL test. Both kinds of tests TOEFL testing center which was held at a specific page. also called the International TOEFL. This is intended to distinguish between them with ITP TOEFL and TOEFL Equivalent / Prediction. As for the ITP TOEFL, test participants should contact the institution which has been designated by the IIEF Jakarta as a place of execution. For implementation of the ITP TOEFL is required of participants at least 10 people. Hall of Languages Unmul since 2001 is one of the eligible institutions conducting TOEFL ITP. Type of TOEFL test Prediction / Equivalent is the most flexible type of test implementation. In the Hall of Languages Unmul, this test is the test most many followed by those who want to measure mastery of English for various purposes. Every time the test participant can follow this test by contacting the Hall of Languages Unmul at least one day before the day implementation.